E-ISSN 2536-9520 | ISSN 1110-2047
 

Original Article 


Macro-Anatomical Investigations of the Cervicothoracic Sympathetic System in the Horse (Equus Ferrus Caballus)

Mohamed M. A. Abumandour, Fatma El-Defrawy.

Abstract
Twelve healthy adult horses (Equus ferrus caballus) collected from Egypt were dissected to provide anatomical descriptions of bilaterally cervicothoracic sympathetic system macroscopically. On left side, cervicothoracic sympathetic system is represented only by the caudal cervical ganglion, which presents on lateral surface of esophagus, cranial to the level of first rib. On right side, cervicothoracic sympathetic system is represented by the caudal and middle cervical ganglion. Caudal cervical ganglion was consisted of the fusion of eighth cervical and first three thoracic nerve ganglia. Caudal directed continuation branch of left ansa subclavia gave off; a pericardial branch and then give branch for ligamentum arteriosum. There is a special sympathetic–parasympathetic communicating branches; on left side, there is only one branch, was present on lateral surface of esophagus, while on right side, there were four branches; two from caudal cervical ganglion and two from middle cervical ganglion. The most suitable site of ganglion blocks from both sides; needle was placed medioventrally between the articulation of first and second rib.

Key words: horse; caudal cervical ganglion; sympathetic nerve; subclavian.


 
ARTICLE TOOLS
Abstract
PDF Fulltext
How to cite this articleHow to cite this article
Citation Tools
Related Records
 Articles by Mohamed M. A. Abumandour
Articles by Fatma El-Defrawy
on Google
on Google Scholar


How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Mohamed M. A. Abumandour, Fatma El-Defrawy. Macro-Anatomical Investigations of the Cervicothoracic Sympathetic System in the Horse (Equus Ferrus Caballus). AJVS. 2016; 49(1): 12-23. doi:10.5455/ajvs.221493


Web Style

Mohamed M. A. Abumandour, Fatma El-Defrawy. Macro-Anatomical Investigations of the Cervicothoracic Sympathetic System in the Horse (Equus Ferrus Caballus). https://www.alexjvs.com/?mno=221493 [Access: December 06, 2023]. doi:10.5455/ajvs.221493


AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Mohamed M. A. Abumandour, Fatma El-Defrawy. Macro-Anatomical Investigations of the Cervicothoracic Sympathetic System in the Horse (Equus Ferrus Caballus). AJVS. 2016; 49(1): 12-23. doi:10.5455/ajvs.221493



Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Mohamed M. A. Abumandour, Fatma El-Defrawy. Macro-Anatomical Investigations of the Cervicothoracic Sympathetic System in the Horse (Equus Ferrus Caballus). AJVS. (2016), [cited December 06, 2023]; 49(1): 12-23. doi:10.5455/ajvs.221493



Harvard Style

Mohamed M. A. Abumandour, Fatma El-Defrawy (2016) Macro-Anatomical Investigations of the Cervicothoracic Sympathetic System in the Horse (Equus Ferrus Caballus). AJVS, 49 (1), 12-23. doi:10.5455/ajvs.221493



Turabian Style

Mohamed M. A. Abumandour, Fatma El-Defrawy. 2016. Macro-Anatomical Investigations of the Cervicothoracic Sympathetic System in the Horse (Equus Ferrus Caballus). Alexandria Journal of Veterinary Sciences, 49 (1), 12-23. doi:10.5455/ajvs.221493



Chicago Style

Mohamed M. A. Abumandour, Fatma El-Defrawy. "Macro-Anatomical Investigations of the Cervicothoracic Sympathetic System in the Horse (Equus Ferrus Caballus)." Alexandria Journal of Veterinary Sciences 49 (2016), 12-23. doi:10.5455/ajvs.221493



MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Mohamed M. A. Abumandour, Fatma El-Defrawy. "Macro-Anatomical Investigations of the Cervicothoracic Sympathetic System in the Horse (Equus Ferrus Caballus)." Alexandria Journal of Veterinary Sciences 49.1 (2016), 12-23. Print. doi:10.5455/ajvs.221493



APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Mohamed M. A. Abumandour, Fatma El-Defrawy (2016) Macro-Anatomical Investigations of the Cervicothoracic Sympathetic System in the Horse (Equus Ferrus Caballus). Alexandria Journal of Veterinary Sciences, 49 (1), 12-23. doi:10.5455/ajvs.221493





Most Viewed Articles
Most Accessed Articles

  • Assessment of The Efficiency of Some Chemical Disinfectants Used in poultry Farms Against Coccidiosis
    Hamed Abdel tawab Samaha, Yasser Nasr Haggag, Mohammed Al sayed Nossair, Heba Mohammed Habib
    AJVS. 2013; 39(1): 82-90
    » Abstract

  • Physiological and Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in the Freshwater Nile Tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus L., exposed to sublethal doses of cadmium
    Ahmed M. EL-Gazzar, Khalid E. Ashry, Yasser S. El-Sayed
    AJVS. 2014; 40(1): 29-43
    » Abstract » doi: 10.5455/ajvs.48333

  • Influence of Combined Administration of Turmeric and Black seed on Selected Biochemical Parameters of Diabetic Rats
    Sabry M. El-Bahr, Nabil M. Taha, Mahdy A. Korshom, Abd EL-Wahab A. Mandour, Mohamed A. Lebda
    AJVS. 2014; 41(1): 19-27
    » Abstract » doi: 10.5455/ajvs.154650

  • Molecular Characterization of Listeria Species Isolated from Frozen Fish
    Gaber S. Abdellrazeq, Ayman M. Kamar, Samya M. El-Houshy
    AJVS. 2014; 40(1): 1-15
    » Abstract » doi: 10.5455/ajvs.45443

  • Growth Performance, Blood Parameters, Immune response and Carcass Traits of Broiler Chicks Fed on Graded Levels of Wheat Instead of Corn without or With Enzyme Supplementation
    Mohamed I. El-Katcha, Mosaad A. Soltan, Hany F. El-Kanwy, EL-syaed R. kawarie
    AJVS. 2014; 40(1): 95-111
    » Abstract » doi: 10.5455/ajvs.48232

  • Most Downloaded
    Top Downloaded Articles

  • Comparative Study of Cellular and Humoral Immune Response to BHV-1 Vaccines in Cattle and Buffalo Calves
    Fayrouz S. Naim; Samy A. Khalil and Helmy A. Torky
    AJVS. 2016; 51(2): 367-373
    » Abstract

  • Growth Performance, Blood Parameters, Immune response and Carcass Traits of Broiler Chicks Fed on Graded Levels of Wheat Instead of Corn without or With Enzyme Supplementation
    Mohamed I. El-Katcha, Mosaad A. Soltan, Hany F. El-Kanwy, EL-syaed R. kawarie
    AJVS. 2014; 40(1): 95-111
    » Abstract » doi: 10.5455/ajvs.48232

  • Effect of Excess Fluoride on Reproductive Potentials in Farm Animals (Ovine)
    Ghada H. Abdel-Rahman, Hanaa A. El-Hallawany, Dohreig RA.
    AJVS. 2018; 57(2): 41-57
    » Abstract » doi: 10.5455/ajvs.296364

  • Physiological and Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in the Freshwater Nile Tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus L., exposed to sublethal doses of cadmium
    Ahmed M. EL-Gazzar, Khalid E. Ashry, Yasser S. El-Sayed
    AJVS. 2014; 40(1): 29-43
    » Abstract » doi: 10.5455/ajvs.48333

  • Using of Polypropylene Mesh for Hernioplasty in Calves
    Mostafa M. kassam, Mahmoud H. Elkammer, Ahmed S. Korittum, Ali A. Abdel-Wahed
    AJVS. 2014; 40(1): 112-117
    » Abstract » doi: 10.5455/ajvs.47290

  • Most Cited Articles
    Most Cited Articles