E-ISSN 2536-9520 | ISSN 1110-2047
 
2026, Vol: 89
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Original Article 


Effects of Nano-Hydroxyapatite, Advanced Platelet-Rich Fibrin, and Their Combination on Bone Regeneration in Dogs

Aml Elsayed, Alaa Ghazy, Adel Sobhy, Mohamed Abdelkawi, Nemany A.n. Hanafy, Nabil M. Baker, Mahmoud H. Elkammar, Ahmed N. Elkhamary.

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    • Abstract
    Critical-sized bone defects remain a major challenge in orthopedic surgery due to limited spontaneous healing and the drawbacks of conventional grafting techniques. This study evaluated the regenerative potential of autologous advanced platelet-rich fibrin (A-PRF), Nano-hydroxyapatite (NHA), and their combination in a canine tibial defect model. Twelve adult dogs received bilateral 10 mm defects in the proximal third of the tibial diaphysis and were randomized into four groups: control (saline), A-PRF alone, NHA alone, and a combination of A-PRF and NHA. Bone regeneration was assessed radiographically and histologically at 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks postoperatively. The A-PRF + NHA group showed the most rapid and complete healing, with early callus formation evident by week 4 and nearly complete radiographic bridging by week 12. In contrast, NHA alone produced moderate regeneration, while A-PRF alone was largely comparable to controls, indicating limited efficacy without structural support. Histological analysis confirmed these findings: the combination group exhibited extensive early osteoid deposition, followed by transition to organized lamellar bone and marrow-like tissue by week 12. Quantitative collagen content peaked in this group at week 4 (64.03 ± 1.44%), declining by week 12 (20.99 ± 2.50%), suggesting active remodeling and mineralization. These results demonstrate that combining A-PRF with NHA yields a synergistic effect, enhancing both early matrix formation and structural maturation. This autologous, biocompatible, and cost-effective approach holds promise as a viable alternative to traditional grafting methods for treating critical-sized bone defects.

    Key words: Advanced Platelet rich fibrin; A-PRF; Nano-hydroxyapatite; tibial bone defect.


    		 
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    How to Cite this Article
    Pubmed Style

    Elsayed A, Ghazy A, Sobhy A, Abdelkawi M, Hanafy NA, Baker NM, Elkammar MH, Elkhamary AN. Effects of Nano-Hydroxyapatite, Advanced Platelet-Rich Fibrin, and Their Combination on Bone Regeneration in Dogs. AJVS. 2025; 87(0): 211-224. doi:10.5455/ajvs.263828

    Web Style

    Elsayed A, Ghazy A, Sobhy A, Abdelkawi M, Hanafy NA, Baker NM, Elkammar MH, Elkhamary AN. Effects of Nano-Hydroxyapatite, Advanced Platelet-Rich Fibrin, and Their Combination on Bone Regeneration in Dogs. https://www.alexjvs.com/?mno=263828 [Access: June 27, 2026]. doi:10.5455/ajvs.263828

    AMA (American Medical Association) Style

    Elsayed A, Ghazy A, Sobhy A, Abdelkawi M, Hanafy NA, Baker NM, Elkammar MH, Elkhamary AN. Effects of Nano-Hydroxyapatite, Advanced Platelet-Rich Fibrin, and Their Combination on Bone Regeneration in Dogs. AJVS. 2025; 87(0): 211-224. doi:10.5455/ajvs.263828


    Vancouver/ICMJE Style

    Elsayed A, Ghazy A, Sobhy A, Abdelkawi M, Hanafy NA, Baker NM, Elkammar MH, Elkhamary AN. Effects of Nano-Hydroxyapatite, Advanced Platelet-Rich Fibrin, and Their Combination on Bone Regeneration in Dogs. AJVS. (2025), [cited June 27, 2026]; 87(0): 211-224. doi:10.5455/ajvs.263828


    Harvard Style

    Elsayed, A., Ghazy, . A., Sobhy, . A., Abdelkawi, . M., Hanafy, . N. A., Baker, . N. M., Elkammar, . M. H. & Elkhamary, . A. N. (2025) Effects of Nano-Hydroxyapatite, Advanced Platelet-Rich Fibrin, and Their Combination on Bone Regeneration in Dogs. AJVS, 87 (0), 211-224. doi:10.5455/ajvs.263828


    Turabian Style

    Elsayed, Aml, Alaa Ghazy, Adel Sobhy, Mohamed Abdelkawi, Nemany A.n. Hanafy, Nabil M. Baker, Mahmoud H. Elkammar, and Ahmed N. Elkhamary. 2025. Effects of Nano-Hydroxyapatite, Advanced Platelet-Rich Fibrin, and Their Combination on Bone Regeneration in Dogs. Alexandria Journal of Veterinary Sciences, 87 (0), 211-224. doi:10.5455/ajvs.263828


    Chicago Style

    Elsayed, Aml, Alaa Ghazy, Adel Sobhy, Mohamed Abdelkawi, Nemany A.n. Hanafy, Nabil M. Baker, Mahmoud H. Elkammar, and Ahmed N. Elkhamary. "Effects of Nano-Hydroxyapatite, Advanced Platelet-Rich Fibrin, and Their Combination on Bone Regeneration in Dogs." Alexandria Journal of Veterinary Sciences 87 (2025), 211-224. doi:10.5455/ajvs.263828


    MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

    Elsayed, Aml, Alaa Ghazy, Adel Sobhy, Mohamed Abdelkawi, Nemany A.n. Hanafy, Nabil M. Baker, Mahmoud H. Elkammar, and Ahmed N. Elkhamary. "Effects of Nano-Hydroxyapatite, Advanced Platelet-Rich Fibrin, and Their Combination on Bone Regeneration in Dogs." Alexandria Journal of Veterinary Sciences 87.0 (2025), 211-224. Print. doi:10.5455/ajvs.263828


    APA (American Psychological Association) Style

    Elsayed, A., Ghazy, . A., Sobhy, . A., Abdelkawi, . M., Hanafy, . N. A., Baker, . N. M., Elkammar, . M. H. & Elkhamary, . A. N. (2025) Effects of Nano-Hydroxyapatite, Advanced Platelet-Rich Fibrin, and Their Combination on Bone Regeneration in Dogs. Alexandria Journal of Veterinary Sciences, 87 (0), 211-224. doi:10.5455/ajvs.263828




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    About Alexandria Journal of Veterinary Sciences

    The Alexandria Journal of Veterinary Sciences (AJVS) Official Journal of Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University   ISSN: 1110-204 ... Read more.



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    Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
    Alexandria University
    P.O.: 21944
    Abees 10th district, Alexandria
    Egypt.

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