Preliminary Studies on the Oral And Rectal Aerobic Bacteria and Antimicrobial Resistance of Some Non-Human Primates in Abeokuta

Adeniyi O. Egbetade; Ezekiel O. Omoshaba; Adekayode O. Sonibare; Omotola A. Jayeola; Olusegun Odueso; Ndubuisi F. Emmanuel; John O. Somoye; Oluwadamilare O. Ajayi; Ebenezer B. Otesile

doi:10.5455/ajvs.50498

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Original Article

AJVS. 2020; 65(1): 102-111

doi: 10.5455/ajvs.50498

Preliminary Studies on the Oral And Rectal Aerobic Bacteria and Antimicrobial Resistance of Some Non-Human Primates in Abeokuta

Adeniyi O. Egbetade, Ezekiel O. Omoshaba, Adekayode O. Sonibare, Omotola A. Jayeola, Olusegun Odueso, Ndubuisi F. Emmanuel, John O. Somoye, Oluwadamilare O. Ajayi, Ebenezer B. Otesile.

Abstract
Non-Human Primates are one of the most displayed exhibits in zoological facilities in Nigeria. They share phylogenetic similarities with humans and a high probability of pathogen transfer exists between humans and these species during zoo visit. The resident microbial flora plays a vital part in animal health. A total of 36 swab (18 oral and 18 rectal) samples were collected from anaesthetised apparently healthy NHPs of the family Cercopithecidae (sub family Cercopithecinae) from two urban wildlife facilities. Standard bacteriological procedures were used in the isolation and identification of the bacteria. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was carried out using disc diffusion method according to Bauer-Kirby technique. All the samples yielded at least one bacterial organism. The oral swabs had 69.7% Gram positive and 30.3% Gram negative organisms while the rectal samples had 38.8% and 61.2% of Gram positive and negative organism respectively. The bacteria included; Bacillus spp., Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Micrococcus luteus, Proteus spp, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella oxytoca, Citrobacter braakii, Serratia odorifera and Aeromonas hydrophila. . Antimicrobial susceptibility testing revealed high susceptibility of the isolates to ciprofloxacin (73.2%), sparfloxacin (70.7%), ofloxacin and pefloxacin (67.1%) and gentamycin (53.7%) while a high resistance was recorded against augmentin, amoxicillin, streptomycin and septrin. Some of the bacteria showed multidrug resistance to many of the antimicrobials. Isolation of cultivable bacteria with multidrug resistance from the oral and rectal orifices of NHPs strengthens the need for holistic sanitary and management regulations in zoological facilities housing these animals bearing in mind the probable routes of transmission of identified organisms.

Key words: non-human primates, bacteria, antimicrobial resistance, Abeokuta, oral, rectal

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How to Cite this Article

Pubmed Style

Egbetade AO, Omoshaba EO, Sonibare AO, Jayeola OA, Odueso O, Emmanuel NF, Somoye JO, Ajayi OO, Otesile EB. Preliminary Studies on the Oral And Rectal Aerobic Bacteria and Antimicrobial Resistance of Some Non-Human Primates in Abeokuta. AJVS. 2020; 65(1): 102-111. doi:10.5455/ajvs.50498

Web Style

Egbetade AO, Omoshaba EO, Sonibare AO, Jayeola OA, Odueso O, Emmanuel NF, Somoye JO, Ajayi OO, Otesile EB. Preliminary Studies on the Oral And Rectal Aerobic Bacteria and Antimicrobial Resistance of Some Non-Human Primates in Abeokuta. https://www.alexjvs.com/?mno=50498 [Access: May 04, 2025]. doi:10.5455/ajvs.50498

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Egbetade AO, Omoshaba EO, Sonibare AO, Jayeola OA, Odueso O, Emmanuel NF, Somoye JO, Ajayi OO, Otesile EB. Preliminary Studies on the Oral And Rectal Aerobic Bacteria and Antimicrobial Resistance of Some Non-Human Primates in Abeokuta. AJVS. 2020; 65(1): 102-111. doi:10.5455/ajvs.50498

Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Egbetade AO, Omoshaba EO, Sonibare AO, Jayeola OA, Odueso O, Emmanuel NF, Somoye JO, Ajayi OO, Otesile EB. Preliminary Studies on the Oral And Rectal Aerobic Bacteria and Antimicrobial Resistance of Some Non-Human Primates in Abeokuta. AJVS. (2020), [cited May 04, 2025]; 65(1): 102-111. doi:10.5455/ajvs.50498

Harvard Style

Egbetade, A. O., Omoshaba, . E. O., Sonibare, . A. O., Jayeola, . O. A., Odueso, . O., Emmanuel, . N. F., Somoye, . J. O., Ajayi, . O. O. & Otesile, . E. B. (2020) Preliminary Studies on the Oral And Rectal Aerobic Bacteria and Antimicrobial Resistance of Some Non-Human Primates in Abeokuta. AJVS, 65 (1), 102-111. doi:10.5455/ajvs.50498

Turabian Style

Egbetade, Adeniyi O., Ezekiel O. Omoshaba, Adekayode O. Sonibare, Omotola A. Jayeola, Olusegun Odueso, Ndubuisi F. Emmanuel, John O. Somoye, Oluwadamilare O. Ajayi, and Ebenezer B. Otesile. 2020. Preliminary Studies on the Oral And Rectal Aerobic Bacteria and Antimicrobial Resistance of Some Non-Human Primates in Abeokuta. Alexandria Journal of Veterinary Sciences, 65 (1), 102-111. doi:10.5455/ajvs.50498

Chicago Style

Egbetade, Adeniyi O., Ezekiel O. Omoshaba, Adekayode O. Sonibare, Omotola A. Jayeola, Olusegun Odueso, Ndubuisi F. Emmanuel, John O. Somoye, Oluwadamilare O. Ajayi, and Ebenezer B. Otesile. "Preliminary Studies on the Oral And Rectal Aerobic Bacteria and Antimicrobial Resistance of Some Non-Human Primates in Abeokuta." Alexandria Journal of Veterinary Sciences 65 (2020), 102-111. doi:10.5455/ajvs.50498

MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Egbetade, Adeniyi O., Ezekiel O. Omoshaba, Adekayode O. Sonibare, Omotola A. Jayeola, Olusegun Odueso, Ndubuisi F. Emmanuel, John O. Somoye, Oluwadamilare O. Ajayi, and Ebenezer B. Otesile. "Preliminary Studies on the Oral And Rectal Aerobic Bacteria and Antimicrobial Resistance of Some Non-Human Primates in Abeokuta." Alexandria Journal of Veterinary Sciences 65.1 (2020), 102-111. Print. doi:10.5455/ajvs.50498

APA (American Psychological Association) Style

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