Molecular diagnosis and Antifungal Susceptibility Testing for Dermatophytes spp. isolated from Sudanese dromedary camels provided to Tamboul livestock market, Sudan

Habeeballa A. Habeeballa; Mohamed E. Abdella; Mzahir M. ShiekhEdris; Adam
D. Abakar

doi:10.5455/ajvs.126487

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Original Article

AJVS. 2025; 87(0): 273-279

doi: 10.5455/ajvs.126487

Molecular diagnosis and Antifungal Susceptibility Testing for Dermatophytes spp. isolated from Sudanese dromedary camels provided to Tamboul livestock market, Sudan

Habeeballa A. Habeeballa, Mohamed E. Abdella, Mzahir M. Shiekhedris, Adam D. Abakar.

Abstract
The present study aimed to confirm a diagnosis of dermatophytes infection among dromedary camels provided to the Tamboul livestock market, Sudan during 2018 – 2019 by using ITS-based PCR Technique and also to measure the effect of Nystatin and Griseofulvin antifungal drugs on inhibition the growth of isolated dermatophytes spp. Three hundred of skin scrape samples from clinically suspected camels were examined by direct 10% KOH test and culture on Potato dextrose agar (P.D.A) media. The most dermatophytes species have been isolated are T. mentagrophyte and T. verrucosum following by T. tonsurans, E. floccosum, T. scholeinii, T. rubrum, M. gypseum, T. concentricum and T. equinum respectively. Fifty Dermatophytes cultures were selected randomly and taken from Petri-dish cultures; the quality and quantity of DNA obtained were found suitable for molecular assays. Forty-five (90%) samples out of fifty were found positive dermatophytes for polymerase chine reaction (PCR) test using ITS1, ITS4 Primer, the dermatophytes showing a single band in gel electrophoresis and the undigested fragment were in ranging from 500 to 600 bp Molecular weight. Also, the result revealed highly Inhibition zone diameter (IZD) for the Nystatin drug compared to Griseofulvin (p. value =0.00˂0.05), all species were resistant to Griseofulvin while only T. tonsurans and M. gypseum were resistant to Nystatin. KOH and culture test is reliable technique in routine field diagnostics to camel dermatophytosis especially in developing countries such as Sudan due to the high costs of molecular diagnostics. More Studies about the treatment of Dermatophytes infection using systemic antifungal drugs to reduce cost, effort, and time consumption that resulting from using topical antifungal drugs are recommended, also vaccine production for all Dermatophytes spp. isolated from Sudanese camels especially for Trichophyton mentagrophytes and Trichophyton verrucosum and application in Sudan area to reduce and eradicate the spread of the disease is strongly recommended.

Key words: Camel, dromedary, Dermatophytes, culture, PCR , Nystatin, Griseofulvin.

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How to Cite this Article

Pubmed Style

Habeeballa HA, Abdella ME, Shiekhedris MM, Abakar AD. Molecular diagnosis and Antifungal Susceptibility Testing for Dermatophytes spp. isolated from Sudanese dromedary camels provided to Tamboul livestock market, Sudan. AJVS. 2025; 87(0): 273-279. doi:10.5455/ajvs.126487

Web Style

Habeeballa HA, Abdella ME, Shiekhedris MM, Abakar AD. Molecular diagnosis and Antifungal Susceptibility Testing for Dermatophytes spp. isolated from Sudanese dromedary camels provided to Tamboul livestock market, Sudan. https://www.alexjvs.com/?mno=126487 [Access: October 30, 2025]. doi:10.5455/ajvs.126487

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Habeeballa HA, Abdella ME, Shiekhedris MM, Abakar AD. Molecular diagnosis and Antifungal Susceptibility Testing for Dermatophytes spp. isolated from Sudanese dromedary camels provided to Tamboul livestock market, Sudan. AJVS. 2025; 87(0): 273-279. doi:10.5455/ajvs.126487

Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Habeeballa HA, Abdella ME, Shiekhedris MM, Abakar AD. Molecular diagnosis and Antifungal Susceptibility Testing for Dermatophytes spp. isolated from Sudanese dromedary camels provided to Tamboul livestock market, Sudan. AJVS. (2025), [cited October 30, 2025]; 87(0): 273-279. doi:10.5455/ajvs.126487

Harvard Style

Habeeballa, H. A., Abdella, . M. E., Shiekhedris, . M. M. & Abakar, . A. D. (2025) Molecular diagnosis and Antifungal Susceptibility Testing for Dermatophytes spp. isolated from Sudanese dromedary camels provided to Tamboul livestock market, Sudan. AJVS, 87 (0), 273-279. doi:10.5455/ajvs.126487

Turabian Style

Habeeballa, Habeeballa A., Mohamed E. Abdella, Mzahir M. Shiekhedris, and Adam D. Abakar. 2025. Molecular diagnosis and Antifungal Susceptibility Testing for Dermatophytes spp. isolated from Sudanese dromedary camels provided to Tamboul livestock market, Sudan. Alexandria Journal of Veterinary Sciences, 87 (0), 273-279. doi:10.5455/ajvs.126487

Chicago Style

Habeeballa, Habeeballa A., Mohamed E. Abdella, Mzahir M. Shiekhedris, and Adam D. Abakar. "Molecular diagnosis and Antifungal Susceptibility Testing for Dermatophytes spp. isolated from Sudanese dromedary camels provided to Tamboul livestock market, Sudan." Alexandria Journal of Veterinary Sciences 87 (2025), 273-279. doi:10.5455/ajvs.126487

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