E-ISSN 2536-9520 | ISSN 1110-2047
 
2026, Vol: 89
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Original Article 


Molecular Characterization and Genetic Diversity of Methicillin- and Vancomycin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus from Frozen and Minced Meat Using ERIC-PCR and Gene Sequencing

Ahmed M. Shalaby, Samy A. Khalil, Mohamed M. Elsenduony.

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    • Abstract
    This study aimed to investigate the prevalence, antibiotic resistance, and genetic relationships of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from frozen and minced meat products in Alexandria, Egypt. A total of 200 samples (100 frozen meat and 100 minced frozen meat) were collected from local supermarkets at Alexandria City, Egypt. Conventional methods beside VITEK 2 system were used for identification, while antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed to detect Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (VRSA). Enterobacterial Repetitive Intergenic Consensus (ERIC)-PCR was employed to analyze Genetic diversity. Lastly, gene sequencing was conducted for antibiotic resistance genes (mecA, vanA, and vanB). Results showed that 7% of frozen meat and 8% of minced meat samples were positive for coagulase positive Staphylococcus aureus using conventional methods and VITEK confirmation system. Among Staphylococcus aureus isolates, 57.1% from frozen meat and 50% from minced meat were MRSA, with one VRSA isolate from each category at incidence rate 14.3 and 12.5%, respectively. ERIC-PCR revealed high genetic similarity (>95%) among some isolates, suggesting a common source of contamination. Sequencing confirmed high similarity (97.42%) of the mecA gene with known MRSA strains. These findings highlight the need for improved food safety measures to prevent the spread of antibiotic-resistant S. aureus in the food supply chain.

    Key words: Staphylococcus.aureus, Frozen, minced meat, MRSA, VRSA, antibiotic resistance genes, ERIC-PCR


    		 
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    How to Cite this Article
    Pubmed Style

    Shalaby AM, Khalil SA, Elsenduony MM. Molecular Characterization and Genetic Diversity of Methicillin- and Vancomycin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus from Frozen and Minced Meat Using ERIC-PCR and Gene Sequencing. AJVS. 2025; 87(0): 50-60. doi:10.5455/ajvs.275143

    Web Style

    Shalaby AM, Khalil SA, Elsenduony MM. Molecular Characterization and Genetic Diversity of Methicillin- and Vancomycin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus from Frozen and Minced Meat Using ERIC-PCR and Gene Sequencing. https://www.alexjvs.com/?mno=275143 [Access: June 27, 2026]. doi:10.5455/ajvs.275143

    AMA (American Medical Association) Style

    Shalaby AM, Khalil SA, Elsenduony MM. Molecular Characterization and Genetic Diversity of Methicillin- and Vancomycin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus from Frozen and Minced Meat Using ERIC-PCR and Gene Sequencing. AJVS. 2025; 87(0): 50-60. doi:10.5455/ajvs.275143


    Vancouver/ICMJE Style

    Shalaby AM, Khalil SA, Elsenduony MM. Molecular Characterization and Genetic Diversity of Methicillin- and Vancomycin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus from Frozen and Minced Meat Using ERIC-PCR and Gene Sequencing. AJVS. (2025), [cited June 27, 2026]; 87(0): 50-60. doi:10.5455/ajvs.275143


    Harvard Style

    Shalaby, A. M., Khalil, . S. A. & Elsenduony, . M. M. (2025) Molecular Characterization and Genetic Diversity of Methicillin- and Vancomycin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus from Frozen and Minced Meat Using ERIC-PCR and Gene Sequencing. AJVS, 87 (0), 50-60. doi:10.5455/ajvs.275143


    Turabian Style

    Shalaby, Ahmed M., Samy A. Khalil, and Mohamed M. Elsenduony. 2025. Molecular Characterization and Genetic Diversity of Methicillin- and Vancomycin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus from Frozen and Minced Meat Using ERIC-PCR and Gene Sequencing. Alexandria Journal of Veterinary Sciences, 87 (0), 50-60. doi:10.5455/ajvs.275143


    Chicago Style

    Shalaby, Ahmed M., Samy A. Khalil, and Mohamed M. Elsenduony. "Molecular Characterization and Genetic Diversity of Methicillin- and Vancomycin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus from Frozen and Minced Meat Using ERIC-PCR and Gene Sequencing." Alexandria Journal of Veterinary Sciences 87 (2025), 50-60. doi:10.5455/ajvs.275143


    MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

    Shalaby, Ahmed M., Samy A. Khalil, and Mohamed M. Elsenduony. "Molecular Characterization and Genetic Diversity of Methicillin- and Vancomycin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus from Frozen and Minced Meat Using ERIC-PCR and Gene Sequencing." Alexandria Journal of Veterinary Sciences 87.0 (2025), 50-60. Print. doi:10.5455/ajvs.275143


    APA (American Psychological Association) Style

    Shalaby, A. M., Khalil, . S. A. & Elsenduony, . M. M. (2025) Molecular Characterization and Genetic Diversity of Methicillin- and Vancomycin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus from Frozen and Minced Meat Using ERIC-PCR and Gene Sequencing. Alexandria Journal of Veterinary Sciences, 87 (0), 50-60. doi:10.5455/ajvs.275143




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    About Alexandria Journal of Veterinary Sciences

    The Alexandria Journal of Veterinary Sciences (AJVS) Official Journal of Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University   ISSN: 1110-204 ... Read more.



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    Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
    Alexandria University
    P.O.: 21944
    Abees 10th district, Alexandria
    Egypt.

    email: ajvs@alexu.edu.eg
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